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纠结了一个月终于完美结束了，感谢参加活动的23位队员，感谢你们的执着与信赖！希望本篇作业能留住青春、留住美丽、留下美好的回忆......第一篇1-70楼23位队员精彩亮相第二篇371-380楼 春虫虫&树袋熊《天上掉下个林妹妹》 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1315122-38-1.html 381-390楼 霹雳骨头&;霹雳呱呱《在天愿做比翼鸟》 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1315122-39-1.html 391-400楼 慧聪李省&大省小六《爱你在心口难开，今天我要说出来！》 https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1315122&page=40&extra=#pid20408845 401-410楼 gafeige&燕子《亲爱的，我们生个双胞胎吧！》第三篇418--?楼 <长岛日记> BY春虫虫 "爱情就像一只蝴蝶,飞到哪里就把欢乐带到哪里..... https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&;tid=1315122&page=42#pid20410173活动召集帖： 7月14-15日《长岛之恋》--从今天起，出海，捕鱼，看海鸥，做一个幸福的人。。。https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1281279-1-1.html== 九丈崖前的合影 虫虫&树袋熊携手筑爱 KELLY 凌8264 霹雳骨头&霹雳呱呱 峰山林海 霹雳骨头&霹雳呱呱跳二人转，背景是 蓬莱国际海滨浴场八仙渡 霹雳骨头&霹雳呱呱--九丈崖 九丈崖海滨合影 小月亮（d-ll)--九丈崖 月牙湾的鹅卵石，很美！ 雨花 大省小六 慧聪李省 慧聪李省&大省小六 沙滩武术 峰山合影（友情提示，前3排都是单身哈） 二月红梅 gaofeige & 燕子 翘首以盼"她"在哪里? Racheall119--长岛黄渤海分界线 飞飞([]
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麻豆榴莲茄子草莓丝瓜
林政天Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang"; means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
嫂子嫂子在线
张佳琪长篇纪实连载 迷茫的山林（上） ——走进豫西熊耳山 念奴娇.熊耳山 群峰竞秀，若熊耳，山林一片苍莽。 全宝鹰嘴与花山，突兀向天高昂。 春风荡绿，夏雨唱溪，秋来叶红果香。 林海雪原，鲵蛙鸟兽乱闯。 而今吾来探访，不惧山高，不怕峡漫长， 那山那水那沟壑，缘何几多迷茫？ 一曰路丢，一曰雾锁，一曰林海凉。 格物铭志，述与后者共享。 前 言 熊耳山，属秦岭东段支脉，是河南省级森林和野生动物类型的自然保护区之一，也是豫西主要山脉之一，居于河洛之间，西起卢氏，东延伊川，南接伏牛，北邻崤山，横跨栾川、嵩县、洛宁、宜阳四县，面积3.4万公顷，海拔1000-2100米。其森林似海、沟壑纵横、奇峰林立、层峦叠嶂、飞瀑流云、珍禽竞奔、万鸟争鸣，是豫西较大的一处集中连片原始林区。 走进熊耳山，对于我而言，也是近几年的事儿。 之所以我开笔来写熊耳山，原因大体如下： 首先，熊耳山的迷茫之美，令我刻骨铭心。山高、林密、峡长、沟深、水清、潭幽、路小、岔多、云绕、雾锁、......行走其间，疑窦丛生，抬头看天天苍苍，低头看地地茫茫，去时混沌沌，回来费思量，东西不好辨，南北无方向，几番迷途心存怯，几多向导也癫狂，哈哈！愈是迷茫，愈是难忘！ 其次，熊耳山的原始之美，使我心旷神怡。看倦了高楼林立的闹市，厌烦了人声鼎沸的车海，穿越了纷繁吵杂的战场，跨过了意气风发的年轮，背起行囊，返璞归真，走进原始生动的大自然真好，而熊耳山的茂密森林、静谧峡谷、山水鸟兽、花果溢香、古朴田园、醇厚民风，呵呵！常来常新，乐此不疲！ 其三，熊耳山的山水之美，可谓风景如画。全宝山漆林遍布，祖师庵气宇非凡；鹰嘴山风骚界岭，杜鹃花万亩浸染；花果山孙猴老家，仰天池高坐山涧；莲花顶道教圣地，白马涧潭溪玉连；鳔池村无独有偶，胡地村群山四环；......四季景色各不同，咋走都在画中行，嘿嘿！年年岁岁，不来不行！ 其四，熊耳山的故事之美，让我浮想联翩。王莽寨、韩王坟、仰天池、神灵寨、红娘子沟、演兵场、跑马岭、饮马池、拴马桩、藏兵洞、......一个名字，一页历史，一个故事，一段传说，或惊心动魄，兵来将往，或凄美委婉，优雅动听，尽管历史不会重演，但是感悟而今永远，啧啧！余音绕梁，回味无穷！ 多次出行，串联成册，是因为次次线路不同但又密切相关，是因为回回来去匆匆一木难成林，是因为每每牵肠挂肚很想把全景呈送。 当然，我不是探险家，很难把熊耳山的山水沟坎都探索一遍，我不是摄影家，不会把满目的美景塞进我的镜头，我不是文学家，无法用更美的语言来描述，我不是史学家，难以把某一段壮美的史话呈现，我不是地质学家，不能把那山那水的来龙去脉说个详细，我更不是动植物学家，满山遍野的花草树木还真是知之甚少，......我，就是我，一个乐山好水的背包客，一个不辞辛苦的徒步者，一个似懂非懂的摄影者，一个半荤半素的文学爱好者，仅此而已。 所以，所经，所历，所见，所闻，所摄，所写，所感，所悟，......你不必太认真，我和盘托出，你趁热咽下，味道不错，你接着来，嫌甜嫌淡，你就扔一边好了。 目 录第一回 俩鳔池南辕北辙，众驴儿极限穿越。 4－－30楼第二回 坐蹦蹦车翻山越岭，下白马涧暴雨倾盆。 32－73楼第三回 鳔池村群英荟萃，下涧果夜半狂欢。 204－241楼第四回 白马涧中赏心悦目，五里渠下再遭天浴 311--358楼第五回 神灵寨二度探访，玉皇殿小驴欢歌 367--389楼第六回 刘后坡初识莲花顶，胡地村难觅洞子沟 468--524楼第七回 穿林海野趣横生，吉向导疯狂纵情 532--600楼第八回 瑶池畔氧吧野营，五瀑下幽谷倩影 636--681楼第九回花山村小休觅来路，七峪沟水污桃花香 684--721楼——《迷茫的山林（上）》到此结束————《迷茫的山林（下）》即将开始—— 第一回俩鳔池南辕北辙，众驴儿极限穿越 我第一次走进熊耳山，是在某年的6月20日－22日。 盛夏已经来临，火辣辣的太阳把大地变成了一个火炉。 连天户外的“沙漠”发帖，说是去熊耳山腹地的“奇妙水世界---白马涧休闲徒步穿越”，也没有多想，就冲着那个“水”字去了。 我真的没有想到，就此开始，我和熊耳山就结下了一连串婆娑迷离的渊源。 闲言少叙，书归正转。 周五晚7：30准时成行，一看同行的驴儿，一半生来一半熟，6女14男，嗨，够热闹的吧！ 上车，出发。4个小时的路程，闲话不少，正话也就领队弥勒佛的“户外无小事”还算中肯。 下车，扎营。营地设在嵩县吴沟村口农家打麦场上，黑灯瞎火的，也没觉着有多好，只看着场上麦垛嶙嶙，听见场下河水哗哗，场面平平，扎十多顶帐篷不成问。 山乡的夜空瓦蓝瓦蓝，凌乱的星辰闪闪烁烁，农家的狗儿汪汪狂吠，水中的青蛙歌声嘹嘹，…… 唉，这样的夜晚你说美不美？扎好帐篷，大家睡意全无，有人又摆起了地摊，说说笑笑喝起酒来，究竟是闹到两点还是三点，我不清楚，反正我睡得迷迷糊糊，还听到他们在说话。 我不大喜欢喝酒，也就没去凑这个热闹。此时此刻，我想静静地感受一下这山村的凉风，回忆一丝童时睡麦场的感觉，于是，坐在河边的石头上，点上一支烟，悠哉游哉，心猿意马了好一会儿，才进帐睡觉。因为凉爽，睡得很香很甜！ 一觉醒来，天已经大亮，早起的驴儿开始来回走动，洗脸唰牙，梳头化妆。我起来得不算太晚，懒洋洋爬出帐篷，从容容收帐入包，拿起灶具，走向不远的河边，用村民们从山上引下来的甘泉做饭，可能是山水清纯，做出来的饭好吃得很哩！ 面对我们这群身着奇装异服的不速之客，山村的大人小孩都来看热闹，稀奇呀！有人说我们是来拍电影的，有人说我们是来搞勘探的，当得知我们的来意之后，他们得出的结论是：吃饱了，噌的慌！！ 山乡的晨曦很美很美，美的让人心醉！在山峦重叠间，一轮红日冉冉升起，给偏僻寂静的小村披上了万道霞光；在绿荫环抱之中，小山村玲珑幽雅，悠然自得，正是野居深山自不知，猛然回眸若桃源；一条蜿蜒在峡谷中的公路切村而过，垂直于公路的吴沟向天池山最高峰王莽寨方向伸去，三面环山山色翠，两河交汇水草鲜；朴实勤劳的山民，男的地里锄玉米，女的下河洗衣衫，几个顽皮的小家伙，跑前跑后玩的好开心！ 基于此，有人戏称我们当晚宿营在“四星级宾馆”，你说象吗？嗨，嗨，我看也有点味道，最起码不热不冷，不烦不躁，空气新鲜，环境幽雅，比寒舍睡着美多了！ 大约8：30，我们开始出发了，顺着吴沟，向着王莽岭的方向。 按照既定方针，我们本次驴途是一次无向导穿越活动，我们无法得知，领队弥勒佛研究了多少次这条线路，只知道弥勒佛把线路要点记得很清楚：从吴家沟村上山，登上王莽寨，下到鳔池村，翻过一个山梁，下到白马涧，顺水而下到沟口公路乘车。为了保险起见，弥勒佛还带上了ＧＰＳ定位系统，防备不测之遇。 准备的不算不周全，设计的不算不合理，唉，出发时谁也没有想到，两大漏洞在悄悄的等待着我们呀！ 漏洞之一：我们要去的是洛宁的鳔池村，没有人知道嵩县也有一个鳔池村，而且南辕北辙，相距甚远。一个内涵生僻字的村名，就这么金贵呀！我晕，同去的驴儿都晕呀！ 漏洞之二：ＧＰＳ定位系统的偏差，是我们时料不及的。你向一个方向走的时候，它提示正确或者不给提示，当你走过100米或者更远的时候，它开始不断提示错误，请原路返回。户外活动，穿山越岭司空见惯，这样的折腾来折腾去，你说可怕不？ 当然，这两大漏洞，是我们事后才体会到的，实践出真知吗！不过，当时，谁也不知道呀！ 顺着吴沟行进大约2公里左右，开始右拐爬向一个山梁，尽管不算太高，但是适值五黄六月，太阳好大，闷热闷热，大家无不汗流浃背，湿透衣衫。唉，驴儿吗，要的就是这个效果，汗，这东西出足出够，没有它就不出了！ 在吴沟村里，弥勒佛向老乡咨询过，鳔池很远的，翻过两个山梁就进入一个道路很宽的峡谷，穿过鞍沟村，继续向前再问人吧！ 嵩县的山民，自然指向的是嵩县的鳔池村了，我们都在雾里呀！ 翻过一架山梁，再翻过一架山梁，进入一条峡谷，峡谷里有一个不大的山村——鞍沟，村民住的零零乱乱的，三户五户一疙瘩，依山傍水，景色秀美。 又是一个山梁，山梁之下有一块很大的花生地，和山民说的相投，也就继续行进了。回头一看，胖乎乎跟在我后面，累得够呛，初次驴行遇住个大热天，也够难为他了。掏出相机，拍下几张照片，就又匆匆前行了。 走下山梁，就顺利的进入了另一条大峡谷，绿波荡漾，风光旖旎，不过，有点累，也就没有心思去欣赏了。 顺着峡谷不停的行进，因为路道平坦，也不是很疲惫，都有点飘飘然了，唧唧喳喳，驴情骚动起来。 不远，就到了另一个叫瓦房沟的村子，时间已经是中午11：30，驴儿们也都累了，没经领队弥勒佛同意，我和几个前行的驴儿就此安营扎寨，午营就在这里了。 天气异常怄热，热的人身上在流油！ 在一个山民的家里，走疲了的驴儿开始驻足休整，水龙头里有山民引下的泉水，喝上几口，甜丝丝的，好美！ 因为这家院里没有树，火烧火燎的，有点难受，我继续下走，穿进了另一个农家，正屋上锁，屋檐宽宽，核桃树下树荫凉爽，桃树叶间青果诱人。 找一根木棍捣碎蒜泥，下一锅挂面配上青菜，一大碗蒜面条下肚，哈！哈！饱了！从体内到心情，一股温馨的暖流在不断的升腾！屋檐下，几个驴儿又耍起了地摊，锅碗瓢勺，林林总总，煎煎炒炒，乒乒乓乓，埋火造起饭来。 来时带了三个甜瓜，好沉！餐后再啃点水果，好甜！ 掏出相机，留下这美妙的瞬间；晃悠浏览，环顾这秀丽的山乡；一不小心，鸡儿叨走了番茄；隔墙有耳，村妇听走了我们的俚语！ 又要启程了，弥勒佛找来了准备上山采药的山民作向导。当然，此时已经知道了两个县有两个鳔池村，我们犯了一个方向性错误。 上街的猎户已经走劈了，到瓦房沟村时已经一瘸一拐走不动了。前面的路有多远谁也说不清楚，于是，他选择了退出，沿瓦房沟村继续前行不远就可以见到公路，打电话叫老美来接住，驴途就算结束了。 为了照顾猎户，上街的山人也放弃了随队前行，陪着一起离队。为了减负，巩义的适宜也叫山人和猎户把帐篷带走，大喊大叫着偃师的驴不够意思，没有人主动让她混帐。 事后看来，猎户的选择是明智的。户外活动，必须学会放弃，放弃，也需要勇气，不会放弃，很容易走进可怕的深渊！ 如果猎户碍于面子，继续随队前进，我真的不知道，在今后的一天半时间，他将怎样度过，后果将会是什么！ 勿庸置疑，由于误入歧途，接下来的行程将充满艰辛和变数，莫测的风险随时都会发生。这一点，我当时就隐隐约约的能够感觉到，因为状态良好，挑战一下也无妨。而随后的际遇，也恰恰证明了我的这个心灵独白。 上山采药的山民是一个40岁上下的中年男子和一个20岁左右的小伙子，他说，可以把我们带进天池山景区，穿过景区，涉过一条漫长的峡谷，就可以跨进洛宁县境内，先到胡地村，再到鳔池村就只有十多里地了。 嗨！嗨！你说复杂不复杂!既来之，则安之，哪怕前面是刀山火海，酷刑油锅，咱也得去闯闯呀！ V型反转，继续上山。 毕竟有向导带路，尽管天气更加闷热，尽管一路不断拔高，尽管小道模糊不清，尽管树丛纷纷扰扰，大家似乎吃了定心丸，驴起来还是蛮精神的，速度也在不断的加快。 登上一个山梁，向导指着远山之颠的高耸的发射塔说，我把你们带到塔下，塔下有个垭口，翻过垭口，顺路下行5、6里地，就下到天池山景区的公路了，沿公路前进可以到达景区服务站，到那里再问路吧！ 哎呀，够劲！且不说发射塔所在的那个山恁高（后来听弥勒佛说，此山海拔1400多米呀），从我们站的位置到那个山，还有两个一高一矮的两个山头，隔山指山，大家都有点怵咧！ “这塔似曾相识，好像我去过！”胡导说。 “我也觉得！”我说。 “想起来了，像是木札岭的发射塔。你忘了，从老幔场看木札岭上的塔，就是这个感觉呀！”胡导说。 “不错呀，那次我们走劈的一塌糊涂，看来，这次也好不到哪里去！”我说。 向导走的真快，不，几乎是一路小跑。我们鱼贯跟随，下山，上山，穿沟，越岭，路道模糊的几乎看不清，树枝扑甩的脸生疼，就这样走走歇歇，歇歇走走，在那个一丝风儿也不遇的闷热环境下，我们来到了发射塔所在的山下。 向导曾经说过，这里上山的路很陡，也很难走，现在我们大家才领教了啥叫牛瞪眼坡。 本来已经是累得七零八落的驴儿，再遇到这大约65度的山坡，唉，你说受罪不受罪？没法呀，唯一的选择就是打起精神——上！ 速度是彻底降下来，三步一歇，五步一停；汗水是彻底出足出够了，毛巾湿透拧拧，再湿透再拧；说话的明显减少了，得省的力气，不能作无为损耗；上太白时没有吃完的巧克力、糖果之类，我也一起报销了。 垭口到了，很宽很阔的U型垭口。向导要与我们分手了，上山采药去了，我们一行也该大歇一会儿了。 哈！哈！再看看我们这群驴儿的尊容，要多狼狈有多狼狈，男士都是赤脊巴梁，女士我就不敢形容了，再看看大家的脸，用胡导的话说，都跟用破鞋底子抽过的差不多！ 吃点东西，歇歇脚，气儿顺多了。赶紧打开相机，每人来张特写，谁说他不狼狈，我可有照片为证哩！丑就丑点吧，咱丑的气派呀！ 驴途还在延伸，片刻的惬意很快就过去了。背起行囊下山，感觉好多了。毕竟一路下坡，很快就走上了天池山景区的公路。 曲曲弯弯的水泥路在向着深山延伸，走在景区的驴儿前后相距大约有一里多地，原因很简单，有人走劈了，有人脚泡了，连著名的巩义恶驴适宜都不由得发出感叹：你们这伙驴，真玩命呀！ 天池山国家森林公园，位于河南省嵩县西北部王莽寨林场境内，景区观赏面积4万亩，森林覆盖率98.57%，其中栖息和生长着野生动物184种，植物1800余种，主峰王莽寨1859.6米，年均降水量812毫米，年最高气温28℃，景区山静如眠，绿荫如盖，水清如滤，石洁如洗，是中原地区风格独特的生态旅游胜地。 其实，一路走来，我们也没有看到什么好的精致，可能是景在深处我未知吧！ 不过，路过的刘秀藏兵洞，还是让我心中掠过一分惊喜。与景区主峰王莽寨联系起来，可以想象，当年王莽和刘秀这对冤家，在此肯定有一番惊心动魄的交手，至于故事的来龙去脉，不得而知。 当过驴儿的都知道，大马路是最难走的，地面太平，杠脚呀！景区的路真好，驴儿享受不起；景区的道真长，驴儿走得好辛苦！ 终于，我们走到了一个游客济济的地方，河水哗哗而下，河畔垂柳丝丝，停车场开阔宽畅，歇息地廊倩座多，众游客频频回首，服务社啥货都有。 放下和血肉混为一体的大包，徜徉一番人间天堂的天池山胜景，痛快！ 向景区的人一打听，大家倒吸了一口凉气。从服务站继续前行二里，下水泥路，进入一个名叫洞子沟的十里大峡谷，出沟即到达胡地村，从胡地村到鳔池村大约又是十几里山路。而且，山里人的“里”似乎有点大，往往比度量衡的“里”相去甚远。 此时，驴群里驴情开始有些骚动，走劈的看来不是少数，都希望就此安营扎寨。当然，说心里话，我也很希望就此驻足，因为，从上午8：30到现在下午6：30，驴蹄就没有闲过，基本上也属于走劈一族了。 于是乎，纷纷去向领队弥勒佛提建议。弥勒佛的回答很简单：不行！原因吗，距鳔池村太远，明天白马涧走不完。 我坚信，此时的弥勒佛比别人也好不到那里，但是，他是领队，是驴队的灵魂呀！他如果同意停下，谁也不会说啥，只不过，明天再下白马涧的可能性等于零。 这就是领队的素质！这就是驴队的精神！“放弃”不会轻言，“前进”的脚步不能停下！真的，我越来越喜欢弥勒佛领队了！ 再留恋这里也不行，因为这是驴队，不是游团。领队命令一下，是不允许异向思维的，最好的选择是服从！ 天色不早，赶路要紧。 毕竟都是一群久经沙场的老驴，无论是男是女，是老是少，没有一个人下软蛋，开拔的号令一下，你看谁比谁走的欢。 公路很快到头，洞子沟就在眼前。 前进！前进！在峡谷中，沿着水边！ 溪水哗哗低吟，驴儿沙沙蹄疾，除此之外，什么声音也没有了，寂静的山涧有点恐怖，走劈的驴儿有点心惊。 起初，还可以见到明显的路眼，越往里走，小道就模糊不清了。 我是走在中间的，前后都是谁也记不清了。前面开路的，大概是胡导吧，这驴有点恨路；后面收队的肯定不是洲洲（看来，组织部门肯定受贿了！）可能是胖乎乎吧！ 夜幕悄悄降临了，驴儿疲疲的串行着。 弥勒佛提醒大家，拿出头灯，前后跟紧，小心脚下，注意安全！ 我真的有点崩溃了，两条腿好似灌了铅，每走一步都是说不出的难受；我真的有点瞌睡了，两眼涩涩的，好想倒在密布的落叶上迷糊一会儿；我真的有点饿肚了，中午的一大碗面条不顶事的，饥的心慌；我真的有点干渴难耐了，从早到晚喝了十斤水，全部变汗出尽了；我真的有点不想走了，只要有一个人提出就地躺下不走，我会毫不犹豫的跟随，管它是草叶还是碎石，胡乱地睡上一觉再说；…… “近期不出来了，本来是出来休闲哩，这简直是在毁身体呀！”不知是谁如是说。 不知不觉，身边不见了水流；稀里糊涂，驴道在不断拔高；你言我语，抱怨之声四起；恍恍惚惚，树丛崎岖难行。 “走错路了！GPS定位系统提示，原路返回！”弥勒佛说。 “不敢再相信GPS了！百米之内有误差，走时不提示，走过了才提示错误。还是下去沿河水走吧”洲洲说。 “唉，房露偏遇连阴雨呀！”这是崩溃背洲洲游记里的一句话，贴切呀！ 啥办法？再嘟囔也不中呀！不管爬上了多高的山崖，还得乖乖地都给下来吧！ 倒霉呀！我那几十块钱买的包罩，也不知道啥时候，让那飞舞的树枝给挂走了，因为走得靠前，原路返回的时候，我落到了最后，当我发现时，再找已经晚了，心疼呀！ 下！下！下！终于见到水了，继续顺河走！ 有人提议，真的走不动了，就地宿营吧！——真是心声呀！ 可洲洲说：“水不干净呀，有毒的，咋宿营呀!”刚进峡谷的时候，水真的发黄，都看见了。 “让我下去看看！”正好，我就在河边，一扭身就下去了，在一滩水旁，用头灯照着，观察水里的情况。 “扑噜！扑噜！”究竟是青蛙，还是鱼儿，受惊后游走了，我也没有弄清楚，反正有活东西存在哩！ “没事，水会吃！”我说。 “就住这里了！可斜坡树丛，咋扎帐呢？”不知是谁说。 也是，连驴儿都站的东扭西歪、高低参差的，扎帐肯定不成！ 我用头灯下意识的向河对岸一照，似乎一片地够平。我说：“让我上去看看！” 哈！哈！头灯照住的平地后面是一条小路，小路那面是更大一块平地，扎十几顶帐篷绰绰有余哩！ “都过来吧！营地大大地有！”我兴奋的招呼大家。 卸下沉重的大包，伸开眷恋的彩条布，坐在上面喘了好长时间气，吸了两支烟，还是有点不想动。无奈，肚里太饥，开包取出一个大甜瓜，咔咔嚓嚓，一坐窝连皮带蒂吃了个精光，好极！ 别人都开始撑帐、做饭了，我还是懒洋洋的不想动弹。临帐的弥勒佛更痛快，饭也不吃，就钻帐睡觉了。 唉！还得做饭呀——饥！简单点吧，开水+核桃奶粉+盐+醋+番茄+两个烧饼，因为出汗太多，光吃甜的可不中呀！嘿！嘿！真的不好吃睐！——硬咽！今生今世这顿饭吃的，空前绝后！ 撑帐，睡觉。迷迷糊糊，不知是谁的歌声真好听！ 经洲洲提议，大家一致通过，我们把这块营地命名为 “王老大营地”！次日，弥勒佛说，此营地位居洞子沟中央，前后想再找这么大一块营地都难呀！真是踏破铁鞋无觅处，得来全不费功夫，俺王老大也真牛了一把咧！ 第二回 坐蹦蹦车翻山越岭，下白马涧暴雨倾盆 这一夜睡得好香！ 都6：30了，躺在帐篷里还是不想出来。拉开帐篷一看，不少驴儿都起来了，唉，还是起来吧，弥勒佛说了，8：30准时出发！ 洗脸，收帐，做饭。 昨晚睡下之后，飘柔还在咣咣当当的切红萝卜，早餐时请星空炸了两个烧饼，就上红萝卜，吃的还算有味。 临帐的胖乎乎说，与他同帐的弥勒佛早上五点多就起床了，饭也没有吃，就一个人到前面探路去了。唉，当个领队辛苦呀！ 小鱼儿和另一个女驴脚上打了泡，剪破，挤净，用创可贴沾了。唉，可以想象，再驴起来，有多难受！([]
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张雅筑质感强烈花盛开清丽高贵胡姬花园大门处 在北半球寒风凛冽时，新加坡永远却是夏天的模样，早晨出门会有淡淡凉意，到正午却是艳阳高照。到新加坡旅游，不能不看新加坡的国花---胡姫花。 胡姫花是新加坡的国花，其实就是兰花。东南亚通称兰花为胡姬花。新加坡人则称为“卓锦-万代兰”，因为侨居新加坡的亚美尼亚人卓锦女士在自己花园里培育而成。因花朵清丽端庄、生命力特强，它象征新加坡人的气质和刻苦耐劳、果敢奋斗的精神。 在新加坡观赏胡姬花非国家胡姬园莫属。 国家胡姬园（National Orchid Garden）坐落于新加坡植物园最高的山冈上，占地约四公顷，目前培育了超过2000多个品种的胡姬花。这里的胡姬花以全世界名女人来命名，包括造访新加坡的撒切尔夫人和戴安娜王妃，都可以在胡姬花园内找到同名的兰花品种。 其中最特别的是卓锦万代兰(Vanda Miss Joaquim)，其于1893年由卓锦（Miss Joaquim)在当地意外发现这款原生钟兰花，罕见独特，在1981年4月15日被定为新加坡国花。其花朵长约7厘米，宽约6.5厘米，浅紫红色的花瓣上布有深紫红斑点，中间部分为深玫瑰色，花管呈橙黄色，四季盛开，鲜艳动人，而且在恶劣的条件下，也能含芳吐艳。 园内60000多株色彩绚丽的胡姬花在热带植物的映衬下光彩夺目。缤纷的胡姬花与热带植物交相辉映，蜿蜒园中的台阶小路，领略春天的芬芳和传说中的繁花似锦。 众多的胡姬花，有的淡雅，有的娇艳，但不管怎样，胡姬花在骨子里都透出一种天生的高贵气质。 不管怎样，对于喜欢花草的人来说，漫步国家胡姬园赏花、拍花都是不错的选择。感受新加坡之一——漫步岛国看狮城 干净清新亦繁华（概述篇） https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之二——休闲小岛走不停 亚洲最南寻风情（圣淘沙篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2182169&page=1&extra=#pid50347652感受新加坡之三——参天巨树生满园热带风情绿无限（植物园篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2231866&;page=1&extra=#pid53500784感受新加坡之四——绿意充盈总统府世外桃源乌敏岛（总统府和乌敏岛篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2253589&page=1&extra=#pid55203314感受新加坡之五——海风轻拂鱼尾狮 流光溢彩夜迟迟（滨海湾篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2255988-1-1.html感受新加坡之七——小印度里寻缩影甘榜格南回族情（新加坡河等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2322447-1-1.html 感受新加坡之八——立体交通路纵横街道小区绿充盈（交通和街道篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2326625-1-1.html 感受新加坡之九——狮城春节气息浓牛车水里最喜庆（春节和牛车水篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2330106-1-1.html感受新加坡之十——方式灵活有初院 环境优美好校园（南初篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2344728-1-1.html感受新加坡之十一——享誉全球名高校 环境优雅美校园（南大篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2354269-1-1.html 新加坡胡姬花园在新加坡地图上的位置 园内的流水景观 花开艳丽 黄的温暖 蓝白相间 红的似火 低头迎客 艳丽无比 红红火火 室内的胡姬花 园区分布平面图 紫色是最多见的胡姬花之一 白色胡姬花也很多见 花开满园 黄色是最多见的胡姬花之一 园内处处花盛开 艳丽之花初初见 园内处处花盛开 黄的耀眼 阳光下的花儿 质感很强的胡姬花 花开朵朵 花色满园 满园花色 耀眼的花蕊 花开朵朵 独放花枝 热带风情浓郁的花草 花开满园关不住([]
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林筱映注：请点击下方的“只看该作者”，方便浏览。谢谢。 洞穴是美丽的，洞穴是富有挑战性的，洞穴也是充满危险的。 探洞，对很多人来说还比较陌生。黑暗和丧失方向感是绝大多数人从未体验过的。黑暗、幽闭给人的紧张和恐惧远远大于人们对洞穴本来奇形怪状风光的认识。人要怎样克服自身对未认知世界的恐惧、现有感官在黑暗未知中所产生的种种不安？探洞正是这样一种极具挑战性的心理对抗战运动，它的魅力就在于你永远不知道你的下一步会看见什么，会发现什么，能满足你无限的想象，不断探索的欲望和好奇心。 相信很多人看过《黑暗侵袭》或《夺命深渊》这类的电影，对洞穴里面的食人怪物和探洞者迷失方向的恐惧记忆犹新。这次把作业交到游记攻略版，也是希望让更多的人了解洞穴以及神秘的洞穴生物，对这种无人涉足的地下世界有一个全新的认识。并以我和娟子为教训，千万不要学我俩哦！我和娟子的探险系列：业余选手三探雨扇洞： https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1872892-1-1.html一路上有你，凶险的探寻之旅我没有一丝恐惧（孤岛烟儿炮鬼吹灯+鬼宅探秘）贺岁帖 ：https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1988167-1-1.html陪你去冒险，在黑暗的迷窟中点一盏不灭的明灯（寻龙记+入阴河）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2020255-1-1.html 四年前在沈阳，刚认识娟子的时候，她一个小姑娘独自住在一幢二层楼里，也不害怕。而且晚上还把窗帘拉的严严实实，躲在房间里看恐怖片，音量放的大大的。这不禁让我对她刮目相看。经过死缠烂打，最后一直追她到了大辽河边，才终于打动了她的心。哈哈，现在回忆起来还很甜蜜。 我和娟子在南方一年半的时间里，进深山，漂江河，钻丛林，探洞穴。曾险被瀑布冲进山洞里；曾在深夜跳入野湖中寻觅发出绿光的眼睛；曾几次在森林中迷路；曾在山洞中被巨大的蝙蝠攻击。。。。。。因为在这里，我俩没有朋友，所以每次出去探险，都没有第三人知道，这也增加了危险系数。我们两个人，同甘苦，共患难，幸运之神一次次的眷顾了我俩，每次的化险为夷也让我俩增加了户外经验，学会了如何预见危险，躲避危险。 为什么我明"毒帖“二字呢？说起来有点惭愧。我曾在天涯论坛上发过一篇探洞的帖子，这家伙，铺天盖地的板儿砖拍的我蒙灯转向。其实，向我提出意见的，无论言词有多尖刻，我都能虚心接受并表示感谢。但偏偏有那么一帮人，张嘴闭嘴就是”找死“二字，我很反感。谁的生命也不是大风刮来的，谁都有父母亲人和责任。我和娟子也一样。虽然我们两人喜欢冒险，但每次都把安全放在首位。并不像这些人所说的为自己寻找刺激而给别人带来麻烦。还有一些人回帖里说，我的帖子是“毒帖”，例如这个回帖： 我在这里给亲爱的驴友们一点提示，户外运动风险级别高的，尽量不要轻易挑战。如果喜欢探洞，可以选择一些已经探明而且难度不大的洞穴，探洞之前，多学习一些和洞穴有关的知识，装备很重要，最好有向导，至少三人以上团队，洞口有接应人员。我和娟子虽然也懂这些，但克制不住内心冒险的欲望，虽然积累了一点探洞经验，但像我俩这样，风险系数还是很大，所以请大家以我俩为戒，切勿效仿。 此次我俩探洞的装备如下：双肩包2个快干裤2条牛仔裤2条外套2件头盔2顶筒靴2双运动鞋2双PVC牛筋挂胶手套2双强光手电1把备用3800毫安的18650电池4节LED手电筒4把袖珍手电2把蜡烛3根打火机2只蒙古刀1把 （开山用）瑞士军dao一把高倍望远镜1架口罩2只（蝙蝠屎尿气味很难闻）眼镜2副（防止抬头的时候，蝙蝠屎拉到眼睛里）长焦相机配8节2300毫安电池长短三脚架各一副创可贴若干花露水一瓶月饼1斤饮用水4升嗯，大概就这些东西吧，装备比较简陋。专业的探洞设备价格很昂贵，一套好的探洞装备起码上万，承受不起，所以我和娟子商定，遇到洞中的竖井绝不尝试下探。由于我的文化水平有限，写不出妙笔生花的文字，只能用大白话来叙述本次探洞经历，帖子比较长，逐步更新中。最近心情比较沮丧。寻找千尸洞失败，寻找桃花洞失败，寻找曾家对门山洞失败，而这次寻找的山洞连名字都没有，更没有路线。只是我和娟子在一次徒步穿越的时候，在山中看到一户人家。向这家的一个老人打听才得知，山中有一个洞穴。老人只给我俩指出了大概的方向，并说那里根本无路可走，但我和娟子还是决心尝试一下。寻找洞穴入口我是深有体会，不是一般的困难。想在荆棘密布，草深林密的山中找到洞口，谈何容易。刚进山，我就被成群的蚊虫叮咬。虽然裸露的皮肤都喷上了花露水，但也不管用。照片中可以清晰的看到我后脖子被咬了很多包，又疼又痒，这不禁让我想起《荒野求生》中的贝爷穿越原始丛林的镜头。 我的双手被带刺的植物划的都是口子，鲜血淋漓。娟子比我强不少，只有少处划伤。接连翻了两座山头，由于野草太高，即使站在山顶也什么都看不到，只能上树了。爬到树上，向远处观望，发现了老人所指的一片竹林。下树后继续前行。 这是一条虎斑游蛇，微毒。大概很多人都见过，在我国分布很广。在东北，土名叫“野鸡脖子”。不过前几年有日本科学家新发现，被这种蛇咬伤后，会引起脑出血，在日本已生产出抗虎斑游蛇毒血清。我在年少时曾经抓过这种蛇，捕捉的时候，它会高昂脑袋，头和脖子扁扁的，做出攻击状。如果在手里把玩一会儿，手就有一股腥臭的味道。最奇怪的是，这种蛇在后脖子喷出毒液，只要不射进眼睛里，就没什么问。我发现这条蛇的时候，因为手有点抖动，所以拍的不是很清晰。等我再想拍第二张的时候，它就窜进草丛中不见了。历尽千辛万苦，终于找到了洞口所在。这是我和娟子一个多月以来，经历了数次失败后，找到的全新洞穴。心情很激动，站在洞口边，发现洞道向下延伸，虽然坡度有点陡，但难度不是很大。里面漆黑一片，到底会有什么样的景致在等待我俩呢？ 我国历史上有记载的洞穴探险始于明代徐霞客。英国人李约瑟称徐霞客的著作与其说是17世纪知识分子的著述，不如说是20世纪的野外考察记录。遗憾的是他没有绘下一分洞穴图纸，不知是失传，还是当时的他没有想到？继徐霞客之后，我国的洞穴探险后继乏人，于是洞穴成了我国遗留在大地上的“最后的”神秘所在。 和欧美等国相比，我国拥有的洞穴数与我国从事探洞活动的人数很不相称。近年来我国已有群众性洞穴组织了：1984年贵州省地理学会建立的我国第一个洞穴组织—洞穴专业委员会；1987年广州华南师范大学建立的洞穴研究协会；1987年建立的广西柳州洞穴协会；1989年设立的中国科学探险学会洞穴探险部；1991年中国地质学会等。直至今天，民间洞穴探险队也开始活跃起来。具有代表性的有重庆洞穴探险队，浙江洞穴探险队，疯子探险队等。这些洞穴探险队有着资深的探洞经验和救援技术，为我国的洞穴研究开发做出了很大的贡献。 我和娟子只能算是业余业余再业余的选手，哈哈。不过也能体验到其中的乐趣就够了。简单的换好衣服，我和娟子准备下洞。 说实话，娟子的攀岩技术比我要强不少，很多时候都是她抢在前面探路。这次也不例外。（说这话我都脸红）。我们两人安全到了洞底，洞底距离洞口大概不到十米，仔细查看了一下周围的环境，没发现有蛇类活动。抬头看看洞外，不知道再次看见阳光会是什么时候了。 再次检查和调试了一下手电。然后就准备在我身后的小洞口钻进去。 探洞一般可以分为两种：即水洞探险和干洞探险。水洞的探险指洞内有常年地下水流的岩溶洞穴。干洞是脱离了自由水面的化石洞，发育在地势较高的地方，发育的历史较长，洞内往往被各种多彩多姿的钟乳石所装饰，目前我俩还不能确定这个洞穴到底属于哪一种类型。正式进入到了黑暗之中，蹑足潜踪，放轻脚步，以防惊起成群的蝙蝠，那可一点也不好玩儿。 其实早在北宋,王安石的《游褒禅山记》中就提到其探洞的经历,“余与四人拥火以入,入之愈深,其进愈难,而其见愈奇”。王安石无限感慨地说着他的遗憾,认为自己半途而返是缺乏探索精神,以致出洞后追悔莫及。时至今日,他的那份心情,依然能够穿越时空的阻隔,清楚地摆在我们面前。当然,这位伟大的文学家兼改革家做梦也没有想到,一千多年后的今天,我和娟子继续体验他曾经痴迷的探洞心情。脚下非常难走，洞穴一路向下延伸，这里是另外一个奇妙的世界，我俩正在为“自己心中的神秘”而探索 ！ 哈哈，又看到了这种家伙。在我探过的所有洞穴中，无一例外都有它的身影。学名“灶马”，也有人叫它洞穴蟋蟀。是有名的洞窟性及群栖性昆虫。在洞中，它以蝙蝠粪便和小昆虫为食，自己也被蝙蝠和洞穴蜘蛛所吞食。 形态各异的石头开始出现了，这块大石裂开了一个口子，我怎么看，怎么像一个巨大鳄鱼的眼睛。这种石头形成的原因是含钙高的水滴在石头上，日积月累就形成了这种特有的乳白色。 娟子每次在洞穴中的某块石头前，都要驻足仔细观看很久，也不知道她能看出什么来。喊她几次才肯走。哈哈，我都习惯了。 寂静黑暗的洞穴中，我和娟子步伐很慢，仔细观察周围的环境。这个洞穴貌似还没有人类留下的痕迹，这也就增加了本次探洞的危险性。抬头观望，上面有一个支洞，洞口狭窄。对探洞者来说，如果不是迫不得已，尽量不要去钻这种细小的岔洞。我记得有一个洞穴探险者，强行钻进这样的小洞，不慎被洞壁卡住，进退两难。最后，队友用残忍的办法——敲碎他的肩胛骨，才得以脱身。 隐约听见了吱吱的叫声和翅膀拍打的声音。顺着声音寻去，不出所料，在我俩去路的上方，聚集着一群蝙蝠。我和娟子在第二次探雨扇洞的时候，曾拍摄到了一只巨大的蝙蝠。第三次探雨扇洞的时候，被蝙蝠屎尿的气味熏的刺鼻辣眼，因为怕氨中毒，最后退了出来。关于蝙蝠，我在《业余选手三探雨扇洞》的帖子里有详细的介绍，这里就不多废话了。由于蝙蝠往往携带狂犬病毒，所以尽量不要招惹它们，被惊醒的蝙蝠群是很可怕的。所幸现在我俩遇到的蝙蝠群并不很大，也比较安静，我俩尽量的轻手轻脚，以求安全通过。 要想继续前行，必须紧贴着这群蝙蝠才能过去。娟子又要先行通过，我拉住她，让她躲在一块石头后面，我先上去看看情况。 记得我发过一个探洞贴，有个驴友给我回帖说，蝙蝠有超声波，怎样飞都不会撞到你。就连电视上的动物世界和学校的课本里，都这么说。但事实并非如此。受惊的蝙蝠根本不辨方向，好似没头的苍蝇一样乱撞。这种情况，每个探洞者都曾经历过。所以还是小心为妙。我悄悄爬了过去，慢慢直起腰，蝙蝠和我近在咫尺，只要一伸手就能抓到，但它们还是安静的倒挂在石壁上，对我不理不睬。 顺利的在蝙蝠下面经过，松了口气，继续前行。面前一块石头，就在相片的左下角位置，看起来像一头母狮的脑袋。 感谢各位驴友回帖支持，继续更新中。。。。。。 我和娟子前行的路，一直都在向下延伸，没有检测海拔的设备，所以也不知道现在我俩具体深度是多少。前面又是一个崖壁，我仔细看看，坡度不大，应该容易下去。安全到底，路就比较平坦了。洞壁或洞顶流出的饱含碳酸钙的薄层水流沉积形成褶状流石的石幔，在手电的照射下，非常漂亮。各种奇异的石头，在地底不知沉睡了几百万，几千万年，才有了今天这样的形状。如果近距离拍摄观察，会觉得更加漂亮。 又向前行进了一段路，忽然发现前面的石头上，趴着一只大蚰蜒。有人叫它“地蜈蚣”，它的头部后面有一个环节、有一对钩状颚足，颚足末端成爪状，爪的顶端有毒腺开口，能分泌毒液，触及人体皮肤后即可致局部疱疹，令人刺痛难受。常见的蚰蜒体长25—-30毫米，洞穴蚰蜒就要大很多了。我见到的这只大蚰蜒比筷子还粗，身长近10厘米。 七绕八拐，沿途做了一些记。为了不给溶洞造成大的污染，我只是用容易降解的白纸，塞在比较明显的石缝中。如果返回，再逐一取出。 又向下行走了一段路，进入了一个比较宽阔的洞厅。这里湿气很重，并漂浮着浓浓的雾气。由于长时间闻着石灰岩的气味，所以嗅觉有点麻木了。我仔细闻了很久，没发现有瓦斯或者别的异味。小心的点燃了蜡烛，观察到火苗的颜色没有改变，燃烧正常。相反，如果发现火焰闪烁，表明氧气不足或二氧化碳含量已达3％，这时要特别注意，二氧化碳含量达到10％时火苗熄灭，会迅速致命。当然这样的情况不多。目前我国只在云南发现个别洞穴二氧化碳含量较高。 虽然没有什么危险，但感觉身上有点冷了。从背包里取出外套穿上，和娟子商量了一下，如果前面雾气依然很大，我俩就不再继续下探。([]
色啦
柳坤绿MM吵着要去雨崩，还查好了便宜的机票，整天在我耳边游说。说得天花烂醉。哥还能说什么呢？哥就出过两次省，两次都是去云南，这次又是云南，哥有点崩溃了！而且下次有可能还是云南！情何以堪？ 大致安排了下行程，晚上开始收拾行李。附上具体行程和时间：3.21 成都-昆明-大理古城。 3.22 大理古城。 3.23 大理古城骑行-洱海双廊（西线）。 3.24双廊骑行-大理古城（东线）-丽江。 3.25丽江休整，准备第2天的雨崩6日行。 3.26丽江-飞来寺（领队扎史次里）。 3.27飞来寺（日照金山)-西当-雨崩上村（徒步）。 3.28雨崩-大本营-雨崩（徒步）。 3.29雨崩-西当-飞来寺。 3.30 飞来寺-香格里拉。 3.31香格里拉-虎跳峡-丽江。 4.1 丽江-成都。 打包行李。 晚上打包好行李。 据说雨崩只能徒步进去，哥没有徒步过啊，有点小激动。睡不着觉，第2天凌晨5点就要起来去机场，便宜机票伤不起。 3月21号凌晨5点（不好意思，3月份去玩的现在才发帖） 就起来去机场坐7点的飞机，在电梯里吃了碗泡面。成都飞昆明。见一下在昆明的老朋友，顺便在昆明逛一下。然后去大理。原计划在昆明呆一晚，后来发现没什么意义。于是决定直接赶去大理。到大理的时候天已经黑了。 在大理古城住的春夏秋冬青旅。听前台小妹说这几天骑行侠也住这里，不知道能不能碰见。 骑行侠的车。第2天只见其车，未见其人。多么熟悉的车牌：武功再高也怕菜刀今天生病了，刚输了液回来，要早点休息了。先放两张梅里雪山照片。争取明天更新。不好意思了，各位！晚上在青旅约了几个朋友第2天一起骑车环洱海。无赖第2天睡懒觉了。我们落单了，只好自己去。青旅旁边有很多租车的，先去租车。3.23 开始骑行环洱海。今天只需骑到双廊，在双廊玩一天。对于经常骑车的我们来说，几乎没有难度的。骑行的感觉很好。 洱海西线要骑很久才到海边。西线几乎不环海。 路况不错。天气变化比较快。 我居然租到了 挑战者。不错啊 ，呵呵。60一天。 终于在路上请人拍了张合影。 双廊靠海的房价高的离谱，尤其是岛上某名人开的酒店，动辄上千。当我们最终确定忍痛花几百元住个靠海的房 时，居然所有客栈都满房了。最后住了个60的不靠海的房间，条件居然还不错。 双廊。这个被炒作起来的地方或许注定只是昙花一现吧！杂字 原来藏在这里啊，呵呵！MM还买过几本杂字的哦。。 双廊洱海边。 回复 灯泡100瓦 的帖子双廊以前就是洱海边的一个小渔村啊。现在被很多名人炒起来了。几乎要发展为一个景点了，靠海的一边现在新建了很多客栈，酒吧等等，正在向着商业化一步步迈进。。。以前是很多隐士，艺术家栖息之地，现在估计真正的艺术家要逃离了。。。 3.24由于昨天西线骑行很顺利，今天的东线我们大意了。 在双廊睡到自然醒才出发。后面的骑行让我们有点崩溃，差点没赶上下午去丽江的车。 天气也很给力。有蓝天，阳光，海水。 骑行的时候一直想着骑行侠，这小子把车丢在青旅，就是真人不现身啊。由于订了26号的雨崩行，所以下午准备直接去丽江。没见到那小子，遗憾呢。东线实际上骑了差不多6个小时，早饭都没吃就出来了。肠子都悔青了。已经在青旅订了下午去丽江的大巴车。只能拼命骑啊骑。。（后面两小时真有些崩溃了） 差不多骑到下午两点过，终于看到了古城，拼命骑回青旅。 看见门口有个大叔在车子旁打包行李。仔细一看，那不是骑行侠的车吗？人没认到车子不会错撒。 再仔细一看，咦！果然是那小子，长了胡子哥差点认不出来了。这下总跑不脱了撒， 遂合影之。。。。来得早不如来的巧啊。哈哈哈哈 。。。 去年开始在网上就偶尔有关注骑行侠的帖子和微博，还看过他的书，没想到网络和现实其实也挺近的，最终还是在这里遇到了这小子。 感觉好像他就在故意等我们一样，呵呵！他正准备出发继续他的环华梦想。骑行丙察察线，已经基本打包好，我们再晚到5分钟他就见不到他了，呵呵。看看他的装备，太阳能，炒锅。睡袋，帐篷。伤不起啊。。（后来微博上得知他当晚露营双廊，还和张小研台一起喝酒？MYGOD,早知道我在双廊等你呗，哈哈） 到青旅 半小时后去丽江的大巴车就到了，似乎一切都很完美。。快到丽江的时候天已经黑了，车上拍的夕阳下的日落。然后一觉睡到丽江。丽江，我又来了！不过，这次。你注定只是个配角！回复 yx1976 的帖子呵呵。各有所长吧。大理更纯粹。丽江“看似”更完美。。。到丽江天已经完全黑了，老板开车到车站把我们接到客栈。 3.25 继续在丽江闲逛。 3.25号晚上和领队次里联系好。我们队伍本来有7人，后来有三人推后了一天出发。不过还是在雨崩和我们相遇。 约好26号早上次里的舅舅把我们送到香格里拉和次里汇合，然后接下来6天都由次里全程带我们。26号一大早，在大水车与我们另外两个队友汇合，来自贵州的老土（左一），和东北大哥迟大哥（右一）中间是藏族小伙扎史次里。 第一天的行程很痛苦，坐车就得12个小时。几乎是坐一天车。晚上要赶到飞来寺。到香格里拉后，感觉温度低了好多，冷的不行，临时买了条抓绒裤。([]
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张茂峰本贴所有图文，均属原创。谢绝一切形式的转载。如有需要，请站短。本次出行线路：上海-成都-稻城-中甸-丽江-六库-贡山-匹河-老姆登-六库-大理-昆明-上海。10月12号从家里出发，11月2号凌晨到家，总计耗时21天。本次出行同伴：花花。5月刚一起走了新藏线。好人，好姑娘，好伴。并不是一趟很愉快的旅行，在四川境内时，天气太糟糕，在亚丁的两天雨雪交加，下得人眼睛都睁不开。三座神山无一得见全部真容，统统昙花一现即隐在云雾中。21天的全部费用是4160元。性价比偏低（我去年在川青藏甘也是晃了21天，费用是3000不到）。稻城中甸包括丽江这些地方，早已经不是传说中的香格里拉，处处悬着大刀，有些明，有些暗，一不小心，就中招了。中国景点的门票之高，已是全世界之最。不知道这样发展下去，再过几年，我辈还去得起国内的什么地方。在成都聚会时，就听得破猪和南猪不停地说某某景点门票是多少，某某地方又圈起来收钱了……而以前，都几乎是极低或者根本免费的。破猪说：“太贵了，真是去不起啊！”这趟走完之后，深以为然。丽江已不是印象里的丽江，古城已扩大了三四倍，喧嚣闹腾，日夜笙歌，象一个踏进红尘的村野少女，迅速变得世故艳丽媚俗，连一点点矜持都没有了，只剩下急不可耐。好在大理却还是那时的大理。本次出行运气不好，号称从不掉东西的我，丢了两样东西，一把瑞士军dao，一把伞，都是跟随我多年的好伙伴，尤其是前者，心疼了我很长时间。后来到了大理，偶遇一个摔锅，送了我一把伞。可惜我的军dao，落在了丽江到六库的大巴上，再也回不来了，不知道它如今的主人是谁？稻城，去往傍河的路边。亚丁，珍珠海边。丽江，街头。去秋那桶，同行的藏族MM。丙中洛全景图。在老姆登俯瞰怒江。走完新藏线回来，到处对人说，这下彻底对高原审美疲劳了。可是还没过一个月，一听到和高原有关的歌，心就又开始痒痒。关于国庆长假如何过，很是纠结彷徨了一阵子，先是南猪叫我和他们一起穿越贡嘎，我怕一上去就是大强度运动，肯定放倒，拖累大家，不太敢答应他。南猪拍胸脯保证给我搞到高原安。我又想着即使弄到了药，等穿越完也才10月上旬，稻城的秋色肯定还不够浓艳……胡思乱想了好几天，终于决定，长假还是宅在家里，等完了再出动，也省得处处跟人挤。出行要考虑综合因素，尽量提高性价比，所以我定的是上海-绵阳的票，出发那天上网一查，有免费大巴直接送到成都，赶紧预定了一个位置。之前我还在头痛12号晚上在绵阳的住宿该如何安排呢。行李尽量精简，厚衣服就带一件羽绒，抓绒已经整理出来，看着满当当的包，又给我扔回柜子里去了。所有药品除了淘宝买的高原安（淘宝真是好地方，以后不用求爹爹告奶奶找人弄高原安了，嘿嘿）和阿莫西林（额，俺扁桃体容易发炎，多年的老毛病了），其他一概不带。5月走新藏时，我带了大瓶的善存，后来回家时，给我扔在乌鲁木齐的酒店里了。这次啥都不带，爱咋咋地吧。火车站坐一号线，到人民广场换二号线，虹桥二号航站楼出来，坐地面摆渡车到一号航站楼，换票，过安检……一路马不停蹄。老天真开眼，十次倒有九次误的春秋，今天居然准时到分钟，晚上9点40分到达绵阳，出口处看到举着免费大巴牌子的人等在那里，再一看，俺的大名，排在预定大巴第一位。两小时到成都人民公园，打个的直奔据点武侯祠，入住梦之旅青旅，和先到一天的花花顺利会合。坐在床上一看，时间是凌晨十二点十分。梦之旅6人间下铺40/人，上铺是35/人。我住了下铺。前台承认他们又涨价了，这让我很不爽。下次我不住他家了，我去隔壁的九龙鼎。虹桥瞎捏一张。早上起来，和花花先到新南门买好明天去稻城的票。车是上午十点发，在康定住一晚，第二天傍晚到稻城。成都已经没有新意，无非锦里，宽窄巷子。乱逛了一会，回旅馆睡觉。晚上南猪请吃饭。晚饭成员如下：南猪，破猪，米猪，米家油瓶，豆猪，花猪。吃完饭又去宽巷子喝茶。下了车，我一眼看到路边有卖花的，喊了一声：“黄桷兰！”南猪立马掏钱，给俺和花花一人买了一串。俺不由得想，真是好银啊，哪个姑娘要是娶到南猪，算是有福了。话说，这两串花，俺的那串，第一天晚上挂在床头的横栏上，香了一整晚，第二天到康定前，给俺留在了路边一棵开满花的树上。花花那串，一直挂在她相机包上，直到干了，锈了，花瓣掉光了，剩下几片叶子，仍旧顽强地跟随她的脚步晃荡着。PS：破猪=浦树；南猪=南迦巴瓦的雪。下面胡乱贴点锦里的照片。大家胡乱看看。 囧里格囧，这个角度，去年也拍过一张的，一模一样……猜猜他是谁？原来是刘关张。话说，俺更喜欢张飞，活得恣意，实在。喝酒吃肉，打架骂人，想干吗就干吗。多爽啊。好可爱的孔明哈哈~张飞今天不在家……一条极窄的小巷子。俩胖子迎面肯定得互相侧身让一下，要不然谁都过不去。很可爱的草编小熊，和我的小熊有一拼~~N多的小吃……对了，叶儿粑很好吃。夜色锦里。梦之旅一直是驴们的根据地，这两年生意越来越好，于是就地坐大，价格也越来越贵了。我很不爽。下次不会再住他家。从成都到康定，已经走过好几次了，简直半点新意也没有。上车我就大睡。傍晚6点左右到康定，随便在车站对面找了家客栈住下，还算干净，有热水洗澡，20/人。然后去城里晃一圈，找地方吃饭，回去睡觉。不幸我们的房间下面，正好是旅馆的厨房间，于是只要下面锅铲声一响，楼上就烟熏火燎，把我和花花整成了烤猪。我和花花的座位号是1、2号。最前面还有一个单人座，是备用的。车的上座率只有70%的样子，我眼看没人坐，眼明腿快占了过来，花花一人坐了我们的1、2号，大家都宽敞舒服。嘿嘿。拍照片的话，视线还凑合，不过总是避不开车头的倒后镜。路边的花。俺是花痴，看到花儿，总是没有免疫力~~甘孜州首府康定。街头的雕塑。不知道为什么，如果让我住在这样的河谷城市里，我是肯定没安全感的，一旦地震泥石流，立马全军覆没。 路边的雕塑。康定古称“打箭炉”，所以，城里有一条街，叫箭炉街。第二天5点就起床，天还墨墨黑的，就着开水吃一点干粮，然后去车站，司机昨天歇车前就宣布了开车时间，6点。结果等了半天，始终有一个人没来，等到6点15分，仁至义尽，车终于开出了车站。 康定到理塘的路，我真是闭着眼睛也能数得出来。折多山，新都桥，高尔寺山，雅江，剪子弯山，卡子拉山……车子一路盘旋着，海拔慢慢地越来越高，从林木苍翠的原始森林，到植被稀疏的高山草甸，最后全部被雪覆盖。天气并不好，阴得看不到一丝阳光，有时候甚至还下着雨。我很担忧，到了稻城，是否也这样糟糕。 班车上居然有一小半是游客。一停车，那伙人就冲出去，不管是长枪短炮还是小卡片，主人全部是一副专业摄影师的架势，近处拍不过瘾，往往跑到人都看不见，急得司机在那扯着嗓子大喊：“上车了！再不走天黑也到不了！”还不肯上来。路上的秋色。停车吃午饭。吃饭的地方，是雅江城外一个莫名其妙的院子，饭菜象猪食一样粗糙，人均20。贵。山上的秋色。貌似那个小门，是厕所。额，楼猪一不小心猥琐了……请大家自动忽略车窗~~海拔高了，雪也来了……([]
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